The Yangshao Farmers of Baligang

Yangshao is the archetypal Neolithic culture of China: red pottery painted with black spirals, fish and human faces, millet fields and large clustered villages. Baligang, beside the Tuan river in Dengzhou, sits where that northern millet world met the rice-growing south. Its genomes revealed a community built on the male line: across two thousand years, 82 percent of Baligang men fell under a single paternal lineage, O-F46, while maternal lineages stayed varied, the signature of patrilineal descent and wives brought in from elsewhere. Grave M13 is a collective secondary burial of more than ninety people, a lineage reburial rite in which several close relatives were gathered together. Around 4,200 years ago southern East Asian ancestry surged to about a third. These twelve farmers span the Middle and Late Yangshao phases, and one, from grave M174, carried O2a2b1, the branch that dominates Han Chinese men today.

The genome-wide data behind this entry was published in Ancient DNA reveals the population interactions and a Neolithic patrilineal community in Northern Yangtze Region.

Every Ancestry Map includes the free Notable Matches lens: your coordinates are compared to every sequenced member of every catalog entry, and the distance to the closest member is reported, a Euclidean distance in the same 25-dimensional space the Distance lens uses. Because these are a small group of real individuals, not a population average, distances naturally run larger than population distances. That is expected, not a poor result. And one thing is never claimed: a small distance means similar ancestry composition, not that the Yangshao Farmers of Baligang are your ancestor. See how it looks in the live demo or read about Ancestry Map, the full Global25 report.

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  Who were the Yangshao Farmers of Baligang?

  The Yangshao Farmers of Baligang (c. 4100-3000 BCE, Baligang, Dengzhou, Nanyang, Henan, China) are one of the Iconic discoveries entries in our Notable Matches catalog, represented by 12 sequenced ancient genomes published in the study "Ancient DNA reveals the population interactions and a Neolithic patrilineal community in Northern Yangtze Region".

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  What does "matching" the Yangshao Farmers of Baligang mean?

  Your Global25 coordinates are compared to the entry's sequenced members and the distance to the closest one is reported, a Euclidean distance in the same 25-dimensional reference space the Distance lens uses. A notable entry is one person or one small burial group, not a population average, so distances naturally run larger than population distances.

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  Are they my ancestor?

  No, and no DNA test can show that. A small distance means your genome sits near theirs in a shared reference space: similar ancestry composition, not descent. Ancestrify never claims a notable individual is your ancestor or relative.

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  How do I see my own distance to the Yangshao Farmers of Baligang?

  Notable Matches is a free lens on every Ancestry Map, never sold separately. Order Ancestry Map, our Global25 analysis (29.99 EUR), and your report ranks your coordinates against the full catalog, with a portrait, dossier and map for every entry. The public demo shows the lens with example data.

The catalog holds every published entry across three tiers. Browse the full Notable Matches directory. Nearby entries:

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