Articles
23 articles on raw-dna, ancient-DNA research written up for readers who want the evidence, not just the headline.
Everything here starts from the raw DNA file a testing company already gave you — 23andMe, AncestryDNA, MyHeritage, FamilyTreeDNA, LivingDNA, or a whole-genome VCF. These articles cover what each file actually contains, chip generations and their coverage, how a file is merged into a reference panel, and which analyses a given file can honestly support.
Check what your raw file supports
Every place that sells, obtains or simulates Global25 (G25) coordinates in 2026, side by side: the official portal, the done-for-you route, derived rows and free simulations, with prices as each site states them.
The undocumented half of every qpAdm analysis: file formats, genome builds, strand hygiene, convertf and Poseidon, and the merge arithmetic that decides your standard errors before any model runs.
The number that governs a qpAdm model is never your file's marker count — it is the intersection with the ancient panel, per statistic. The published coverage numbers, the allsnps table, and what a consumer chip can honestly support.
Dante Labs, Nebula, Sequencing.com and other WGS files can become official Global25 coordinates — via the portal's own conversion surcharge or a free WGSExtract conversion. What each route costs and where the traps are.
Every place that sells or offers qpAdm in 2026: hand-checked analyses, DIY tools and subscriptions, with inputs, reference data and price models side by side.
What Davidski's Eurogenes G25 Requests portal is, what you upload, the scaled and unscaled rows you get back, their stated fee, and what to do with the row next.
How to download your 23andMe raw data, what the v3, v4 and v5 chips mean for coverage after the AADR merge, and what a qpAdm order does with the file.
How to download your AncestryDNA raw file, what the v1 and v2 chips mean for coverage after the AADR merge, the allele quirk, and what a qpAdm order does.
How to download your MyHeritage raw CSV, what its chip means for coverage after the AADR merge, the low-pass WGS note, and what a qpAdm order does.
What consumer ancestry percentages measure for Jewish customers, why an 'Ashkenazi 99%' result is circular, what a formal qpAdm model shows instead, what the four tiers buy, and the honest limits: endogamy, drift and coverage.
What a qpAdm ancestry test actually does with your raw DNA file, what the report contains, what the four tiers buy and what they don't, and how to tell a formal model from a percentage generator.
What a 23andMe or AncestryDNA ethnicity estimate measures, what an ancient-DNA ancestry test measures instead, why the two disagree by design, and how to run the second one on the raw file you already have.
How to run an ancient-DNA ancestry analysis from a whole-genome sequencing VCF — tellmeGen, Dante Labs, Nebula and similar — what happens to the file at upload, why it is converted to the panel's markers, and what changes versus a chip export.
What it means to share a stretch of DNA with a person who died thousands of years ago, why such matches are identity by state rather than identity by descent, what the centimorgan figures mean, and why a shared segment is never proof of descent.
What a Y-DNA haplogroup actually is, how to export the raw file from 23andMe, AncestryDNA or MyHeritage, how to get a free and honest paternal haplogroup call from it, and where to explore your branch afterwards.
What mitochondrial DNA records, how to get a free maternal haplogroup call from a 23andMe, AncestryDNA or MyHeritage export, why most chip kits resolve to a broad branch, and how to explore the maternal tree afterwards.
You can now start a G25 analysis from the raw DNA file you already have — with your consent, we obtain your official Global25 coordinates from the independent provider for €15, and your full analysis runs the moment they arrive.
23andMe does not produce G25 coordinates — but its raw data file is a good starting point. How to download it, what the v5 chip actually covers, and the exact route from file to coordinate row.
AncestryDNA does not produce G25 coordinates — but its raw data download is the input that becomes one. The emailed-confirmation download flow, what the file covers, and the route from file to coordinate row.
MyHeritage does not produce G25 coordinates — but its raw data export is the input that becomes one. The download flow, the low-pass WGS caveat that costs people their haplogroups, and the route to a coordinate row.
FamilyTreeDNA does not produce G25 coordinates — but a Family Finder raw data export is the input that becomes one. Which download to pick, what the file covers, and the route to a coordinate row.
LivingDNA does not produce G25 coordinates — but its raw data download is the input that becomes one. Where the download lives, what the file covers, and the route to a coordinate row.
Where Global25 coordinates come from, how to get them whether you tested with 23andMe, AncestryDNA, MyHeritage, FamilyTreeDNA or LivingDNA, and how to tell a real coordinate row from a simulated one.