DNA Traits · Sleep & rhythms
Morning preference (AK5)
Whether people call themselves a morning person or an evening person.
What the research found
In the cited research, the A allele at rs12040629 was associated with greater odds of reporting being a morning person in the studied cohorts.
- GG
- Less often
- AG
- Middle
- AA
- More often
- Evidence
- Genome-wide association in UK Biobank and 23andMe, significant in each cohort
- Who was studied
- European ancestry (UK Biobank and 23andMe research participants)
How common each genotype is
| Region | GGLess often | AGMiddle | AAMore often |
|---|---|---|---|
| All regions2,504 people | 77% | 21% | 2% |
| Africa661 people | 88% | 11% | <1% |
| The Americas347 people | 78% | 21% | <1% |
| East Asia504 people | 63% | 32% | 5% |
| Europe503 people | 73% | 24% | 4% |
| South Asia489 people | 79% | 19% | 2% |
Among the 2,504 people of the 1000 Genomes Project, in five world regions. These percentages describe groups of people, never anyone’s chance of having a trait.
The marker
- Gene or region
- PIGK / AK5 region
- Marker
- rs12040629
- Location
- Chromosome 1 · GRCh37 77,705,365 · GRCh38 77,239,680
- Letters studied
- A and G, with A as the studied allele
A DNA Traits report reads this marker in your raw DNA file and shows which of the three genotypes is yours, with how common it is. It counts the copies of the studied allele; it does not measure the trait itself.
- Marker
- PIGK / AK5 region · rs12040629
- Location
- Chromosome 1 · GRCh37 77,705,365 · GRCh38 77,239,680
- Studied allele
- A
- Published statistic
- Meta OR 1.075 per A (ln OR 0.0727), from the secondary effect-size meta-analysis of the UK Biobank binary morning-person GWAS and the 23andMe morning-person GWAS; the primary sample-size meta-analysis (N 697,828) gives P 4.7e-45 (corrected), A frequency 0.16; 23andMe ln OR 0.0835 (SE 0.0081), P 7.1e-25, N 248,094; UK Biobank chronotype beta 0.039 (SE 0.004), P 6.7e-27, N 449,734 (Supplementary Data 1). Accelerometer per A: L5 timing 0.027 h earlier (P 9.6e-5), M10 timing 0.033 h earlier (P 2.3e-5), sleep midpoint 0.008 h earlier (P 0.025) (Supplementary Data 3) (Supplementary Data 1; Supplementary Data 3)
- 1000 Genomes Project phase 3, people with 0, 1 and 2 copies
- All regions 1922 / 524 / 58 · Africa 582 / 76 / 3 · The Americas 270 / 74 / 3 · East Asia 316 / 163 / 25 · Europe 366 / 119 / 18 · South Asia 388 / 92 / 9
What it cannot tell you
Morning preference was self-reported, and the link with sleep timing measured on a wrist tracker was much weaker than with the questionnaire answer.
Genome-wide association analyses of chronotype in 697,828 individuals provides insights into circadian rhythms (Jones et al., 2019)More in Sleep & rhythms
- Morning preference association
- Snoring tendency association
- Sleep efficiency association
- Overnight sleep episodes association
- Sleep midpoint timing association
- Daytime napping association
- Daytime sleepiness association
- Difficulty sleeping association
- Morning preference (RGS16)
- Snoring (POC5)
- Snoring (TRAM1)
- Daytime napping (TLE4)
- Daytime napping (STK32A)
See your own two letters.
Upload the raw DNA file you already have. Your report reads this marker and every other card studied for you, each with its evidence and its limits.