Evidence · Replicated

What the research found

In the cited research, the A allele at rs602662 was associated with higher circulating vitamin B12 concentrations in the studied cohorts.

GG: Lower average
AG: Middle
AA: Higher average

Modest effect

What the study found

In the study, each copy went with blood level of this vitamin about 49.8 pg/mL higher on average.

Italian and US adults (InCHIANTI, SardiNIA, BLSA discovery; Progetto Nutrizione replication) · 3,613 people · Table 2 (four-cohort meta-analysis column)

Evidence: Genome-wide association with independent replication
Who was studied: Italian and US discovery cohorts with Italian replication

1000 Genomes Project

How common each genotype is

How common each genotype is in the 1000 Genomes Project, by region
Region	GGLower average	AGMiddle	AAHigher average
All regions2,504 people	49%	35%	15%
Africa661 people	26%	50%	24%
The Americas347 people	45%	39%	16%
East Asia504 people	>99%	<1%	Not seen
Europe503 people	29%	48%	23%
South Asia489 people	54%	36%	10%

Among the 2,504 people of the 1000 Genomes Project, in five world regions. These percentages describe groups of people, never anyone’s chance of having a trait.

Ancient genomes

Through time

How often the studied letter was read in ancient people, era by era, in the region chosen.

Region

Through time: Europe
Before farmingbefore 6500 BC	8%4 of 50 copies read
First farmers6500 to 3000 BC	34%269 of 789 copies read
Bronze Age3000 to 1200 BC	44%298 of 680 copies read
Iron Age and Antiquity1200 BC to AD 600	55%503 of 922 copies read
Middle AgesAD 600 to 1500	43%199 of 462 copies read
Today1000 Genomes	47%471 of 1,006 copies

Neanderthal and Denisovan genomes

Altai Neanderthal: No copies
Vindija Neanderthal: No copies
Chagyrskaya Neanderthal: No copies
Denisovan: No copies

Neanderthals and Denisovans carried the other letter, so this letter is younger than our split with them.

For most ancient people only one of their two copies can be read, so these counts are copies read, not people. Close relatives, repeated samples and samples the archive marks as unreliable are left out. Damage in old DNA can fake this letter, so it is counted only from samples treated to remove that damage and from high-quality genomes. Ancient genomes from the Allen Ancient DNA Resource (AADR v66): 15,136 people.

rs602662

The marker

Gene or region: FUT2
Marker: rs602662
Location: Chromosome 19 · GRCh37 49,206,985 · GRCh38 48,703,728
Letters studied: A and G, with A as the studied allele

A DNA Traits report reads this marker in your raw DNA file and shows which of the three genotypes is yours, with how common it is. It counts the copies of the studied allele; it does not measure the trait itself.

Marker: FUT2 · rs602662
Location: Chromosome 19 · GRCh37 49,206,985 · GRCh38 48,703,728
Studied allele: A
Published statistic: beta +49.77 pg/mL per A allele (SE 6.47), P 2.83e-20, N 3,613; discovery +44.20 (SE 8.26), P 2.43e-12; replication +58.65 (SE 10.43), P 2.19e-10; Table 2 (Table 2 (four-cohort meta-analysis column))
1000 Genomes Project phase 3, people with 0, 1 and 2 copies: All regions 1237 / 887 / 380 · Africa 171 / 329 / 161 · The Americas 157 / 136 / 54 · East Asia 500 / 4 / 0 · Europe 147 / 241 / 115 · South Asia 262 / 177 / 50

See this card in the sample report

Limits

What it cannot tell you

The FUT2 region influences several biological processes. This association does not measure vitamin B12 absorption or show that vitamin B12 is available to tissues, and it is not a test for pernicious anemia. It cannot tell you a current vitamin B12 level, is not a test for deficiency and cannot choose a diet, supplement or dose.

Genome-wide Association Study of Vitamin B6, Vitamin B12, Folate, and Homocysteine Blood Concentrations (Tanaka et al., 2009)

The same topic

More in Nutrition & metabolism

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