Evidence · Not yet replicated

What the research found

In the cited research, the A allele at rs1532423 was associated with higher red blood cell zinc concentrations in the studied cohort.

GG: Lower average
AG: Middle
AA: Higher average

Modest effect

What the study found

In the study, each copy went with higher zinc in red blood cells on average.

Australian adult twins and their families (QIMR), erythrocyte zinc · 2,603 people · Table 1 (QIMR columns, Zn row) and footnote b

Evidence: Genome-wide association in one cohort, not yet replicated
Who was studied: Australian adult twins and their families

1000 Genomes Project

How common each genotype is

How common each genotype is in the 1000 Genomes Project, by region
Region	GGLower average	AGMiddle	AAHigher average
All regions2,504 people	41%	41%	18%
Africa661 people	74%	24%	2%
The Americas347 people	33%	47%	20%
East Asia504 people	23%	47%	30%
Europe503 people	40%	46%	14%
South Asia489 people	22%	48%	30%

Among the 2,504 people of the 1000 Genomes Project, in five world regions. These percentages describe groups of people, never anyone’s chance of having a trait.

Ancient genomes

Through time

How often the studied letter was read in ancient people, era by era, in the region chosen.

Region

Through time: Europe
Before farmingbefore 6500 BC	60%31 of 52 copies read
First farmers6500 to 3000 BC	36%232 of 643 copies read
Bronze Age3000 to 1200 BC	42%217 of 519 copies read
Iron Age and Antiquity1200 BC to AD 600	39%315 of 802 copies read
Middle AgesAD 600 to 1500	41%200 of 486 copies read
Today1000 Genomes	37%373 of 1,006 copies

Neanderthal and Denisovan genomes

Altai Neanderthal: No copies
Vindija Neanderthal: Not read
Chagyrskaya Neanderthal: Not read
Denisovan: No copies

Neanderthals and Denisovans carried the other letter, so this letter is younger than our split with them.

For most ancient people only one of their two copies can be read, so these counts are copies read, not people. Close relatives, repeated samples and samples the archive marks as unreliable are left out. Damage in old DNA can fake this letter, so it is counted only from samples treated to remove that damage and from high-quality genomes. Ancient genomes from the Allen Ancient DNA Resource (AADR v66): 15,136 people.

rs1532423

The marker

Gene or region: Carbonic anhydrase cluster (CA1 region)
Marker: rs1532423
Location: Chromosome 8 · GRCh37 86,268,313 · GRCh38 85,356,084
Letters studied: A and G, with A as the studied allele

A DNA Traits report reads this marker in your raw DNA file and shows which of the three genotypes is yours, with how common it is. It counts the copies of the studied allele; it does not measure the trait itself.

Marker: Carbonic anhydrase cluster (CA1 region) · rs1532423
Location: Chromosome 8 · GRCh37 86,268,313 · GRCh38 85,356,084
Studied allele: A
Published statistic: beta 0.178 SD per A (SE 0.026), P 6.40e-12, QIMR N 2,603; zinc was not measured in the UK ALSPAC samples (Table 1 footnote b), so there is no second cohort; 0.18 SD per copy (Table 1 (QIMR columns, Zn row) and footnote b)
1000 Genomes Project phase 3, people with 0, 1 and 2 copies: All regions 1032 / 1021 / 451 · Africa 491 / 157 / 13 · The Americas 114 / 164 / 69 · East Asia 118 / 236 / 150 · Europe 201 / 231 / 71 · South Asia 108 / 233 / 148

See this card in the sample report

Limits

What it cannot tell you

Zinc was measured inside red blood cells in one Australian cohort, and the finding has not been repeated in another cohort.

Genome-wide association study identifies loci affecting blood copper, selenium and zinc (Evans et al., 2013)

The same topic

More in Nutrition & metabolism

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