Evidence · Not yet replicated

What the research found

In the cited research, the G allele at rs263156 was associated with larger earlobes in the studied cohort.

TT: Smaller
GT: Middle
GG: Larger

Modest effect

What the study found

In the study, each copy went with earlobe size rating from photos, on a three level scale from small to large about 0.11 points higher on average.

Admixed Latin American CANDELA participants from Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru · 4,919 people · Supplementary Table 8B (rs263156, lobe size)

Evidence: Discovery GWAS of ordinal ear morphology
Who was studied: Admixed Latin American CANDELA participants from Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru

1000 Genomes Project

How common each genotype is

How common each genotype is in the 1000 Genomes Project, by region
Region	TTSmaller	GTMiddle	GGLarger
All regions2,504 people	38%	35%	27%
Africa661 people	92%	7%	<1%
The Americas347 people	16%	44%	40%
East Asia504 people	13%	42%	45%
Europe503 people	23%	45%	32%
South Asia489 people	20%	48%	32%

Among the 2,504 people of the 1000 Genomes Project, in five world regions. These percentages describe groups of people, never anyone’s chance of having a trait.

Ancient genomes

Through time

How often the studied letter was read in ancient people, era by era, in the region chosen.

Region

Through time: Europe
Before farmingbefore 6500 BC	49%50 of 103 copies read
First farmers6500 to 3000 BC	51%573 of 1,131 copies read
Bronze Age3000 to 1200 BC	55%598 of 1,082 copies read
Iron Age and Antiquity1200 BC to AD 600	53%916 of 1,731 copies read
Middle AgesAD 600 to 1500	55%840 of 1,520 copies read
Today1000 Genomes	55%550 of 1,006 copies

Neanderthal and Denisovan genomes

Altai Neanderthal: No copies
Vindija Neanderthal: No copies
Chagyrskaya Neanderthal: No copies
Denisovan: No copies

Neanderthals and Denisovans carried the other letter, so this letter is younger than our split with them.

For most ancient people only one of their two copies can be read, so these counts are copies read, not people. Close relatives, repeated samples and samples the archive marks as unreliable are left out. Ancient genomes from the Allen Ancient DNA Resource (AADR v66): 15,136 people.

rs263156

The marker

Gene or region: 6q24.2 region
Marker: rs263156
Location: Chromosome 6 · GRCh37 142,907,515 · GRCh38 142,586,378
Letters studied: G and T, with G as the studied allele

A DNA Traits report reads this marker in your raw DNA file and shows which of the three genotypes is yours, with how common it is. It counts the copies of the studied allele; it does not measure the trait itself.

Marker: 6q24.2 region · rs263156
Location: Chromosome 6 · GRCh37 142,907,515 · GRCh38 142,586,378
Studied allele: G
Published statistic: beta 0.109 per derived C allele as written in the paper (forward G), P 2e-13 (Results), country meta-analysis P 1.6e-12 (Supplementary Table 6), n 4,919 (Supplementary Table 8B (rs263156, lobe size))
1000 Genomes Project phase 3, people with 0, 1 and 2 copies: All regions 947 / 871 / 686 · Africa 609 / 48 / 4 · The Americas 56 / 152 / 139 · East Asia 67 / 211 / 226 · Europe 115 / 226 / 162 · South Asia 100 / 234 / 155

See this card in the sample report

Limits

What it cannot tell you

This small association concerns an ordinal ear-shape feature rated in photographs. The paper's A/C alleles are on the opposite strand and correspond to genomic forward-strand T/G; the study-associated C is forward G. Ear shape depends on many genes; this single marker cannot tell you your ear shape and does not follow a simple dominant or recessive rule. Only the studied G/T allele pair is interpreted.

A genome-wide association study identifies multiple loci for variation in human ear morphology (Adhikari et al., 2015)

The same topic

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