DNA Traits · Appearance
Eye pigmentation (TYRP1)
How much pigment the iris holds, from blue towards brown.
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Evidence · Replicated
What the research found
In the cited research, the G allele at rs13297008 was associated with darker eye pigmentation.
- AA
- Lighter range
- AG
- Middle
- GG
- Darker range
Modest effect
What the study found
In the study, each copy went with eye colour score from blue to dark brown on a seven step self-rated scale about 0.26 points higher on average.
23andMe research participants of European ancestry · 157,483 people · Table 1, region 28 (rs13297008: reference allele G, frequency 0.388, beta 0.260, SE 0.0077, P 4.99e-250)
- Evidence
- Genome-wide association at a previously reported locus
- Who was studied
- European ancestry (23andMe research participants; Icelandic and Dutch participants for the earlier report)
1000 Genomes Project
How common each genotype is
| Region | AALighter range | AGMiddle | GGDarker range |
|---|---|---|---|
| All regions2,504 people | 10% | 23% | 66% |
| Africa661 people | <1% | 13% | 87% |
| The Americas347 people | 10% | 37% | 53% |
| East Asia504 people | Not seen | 2% | 98% |
| Europe503 people | 38% | 44% | 18% |
| South Asia489 people | 5% | 29% | 65% |
Among the 2,504 people of the 1000 Genomes Project, in five world regions. These percentages describe groups of people, never anyone’s chance of having a trait.
rs13297008
The marker
- Gene or region
- TYRP1
- Marker
- rs13297008
- Location
- Chromosome 9 · GRCh37 12,677,471 · GRCh38 12,677,471
- Letters studied
- A and G, with G as the studied allele
A DNA Traits report reads this marker in your raw DNA file and shows which of the three genotypes is yours, with how common it is. It counts the copies of the studied allele; it does not measure the trait itself.
- Marker
- TYRP1 · rs13297008
- Location
- Chromosome 9 · GRCh37 12,677,471 · GRCh38 12,677,471
- Studied allele
- G
- Published statistic
- beta 0.260 (SE 0.0077) per G allele on the zero to six eye colour scale, P 4.99e-250, n 157,483 (Simcoe 2021 Table 1, region 28, where TYRP1 is marked as a locus previously associated with other pigmentation traits); the TYRP1 eye-colour signal was reported earlier at rs1408799, which has r2 0.68 with this marker in 1000 Genomes Europeans (Table 1, region 28 (rs13297008: reference allele G, frequency 0.388, beta 0.260, SE 0.0077, P 4.99e-250))
- 1000 Genomes Project phase 3, people with 0, 1 and 2 copies
- All regions 256 / 586 / 1662 · Africa 3 / 84 / 574 · The Americas 36 / 128 / 183 · East Asia 0 / 8 / 496 · Europe 192 / 222 / 89 · South Asia 25 / 144 / 320
Limits
What it cannot tell you
Inherited together with the TYRP1 marker on the tanning card, so the two are not independent evidence.
Genome-wide association study in almost 195,000 individuals identifies 50 previously unidentified genetic loci for eye color (Simcoe et al., 2021)The same topic
More in Appearance
- Eye pigmentation
- Red hair association
- Blond hair association
- Hair shape
- Hair thickness association
- Skin pigmentation
- Freckling association
- Hair greying association
- Eyebrow thickness association
- Beard density association
- Unibrow association
- Nose bridge breadth association
- Nose wing breadth association
- Nose protrusion association
- Nose tip angle association
- Chin protrusion association
- Earlobe attachment association
- Earlobe size association
- Ear ridge folding association
- Male pattern hair loss
- Male pattern hair loss, HDAC9 marker
- Male pattern hair loss, EBF1 marker
- Male pattern hair loss, WNT10A marker
- Hair lightness, SLC24A4 marker
- Blond hair, TPCN2 marker
- Hair lightness, SLC45A2 marker
- Red hair, ASIP region marker
- Hair lightness, HERC2 marker
- Hair colour, IRF4 marker
- Hair shape, WNT10A marker
- Hair shape, PADI3 marker
- Hair shape, HOXC13 marker
- Hair shape, GATA3 region marker
- Hair shape, FRAS1 marker
- Hair shape, LCE3E marker
- Straight hair, EDAR marker
- Eyebrow thickness, FOXD1 region marker
- Eyebrow thickness, FOXL2 marker
- Shovel-shaped incisors
- Finger length ratio (SMOC1 marker)
- Finger length ratio (LDAH marker)
- Finger length ratio (SALL1 marker)
- Finger length ratio (OLA1 marker)
- Nose root position
- Nose wing breadth (PAX1 marker)
- Earlobe attachment (PAX9 marker)
- Earlobe attachment (KIAA1217 marker)
- Earlobe attachment (MRPS22 marker)
- Fingerprint whorls (ADAMTS9 marker)
- Fingerprint whorls (EVI1 marker)
- Fingerprint whorls (SALL3 marker)
- Green or hazel eyes
- Eye pigmentation (TYR)
- Freckling (TYR)
- Skin pigmentation (OCA2 H615R)
- Freckling (PPARGC1B)
- Freckling (HSPA12A)
- Freckling (BNC2)
- Freckling (EMX2)
- Freckling (EIF6, ASIP region)
- Skin lightness (OCA2 A481T)
- Eye pigmentation (TSPAN10)
- Eye pigmentation (SLC24A4)
- Eye pigmentation (SIK1)
- Eye pigmentation (OCA2 exon ten)
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